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Is Australia fair enough? And why does inequality matter anyway?
In Battlers and Billionaires, Andrew Leigh weaves together vivid anecdotes, interesting history and powerful statistics to tell the story of inequality in this country. This is economics writing at its best.
From egalitarian beginnings, Australian inequality rose through the nineteenth century. Then we became more equal again, with inequality falling markedly from the 1920s to the 1970s. Now, inequality is returning to the heights of the 1920s.
Leigh shows that while inequality can fuel growth, it also poses dangers to society. Too much inequality risks cleaving us into two Australias, occupying fundamentally separate worlds, with little contact between the haves and the have-nots. And the further apart the rungs on the ladder of opportunity, the harder it is for a kid born into poverty to enter the middle class.
Battlers and Billionaires sheds fresh light on what makes Australia distinctive, and what it means to have – and keep – a fair go.
Longlisted for the 2014 John Button Prize
‘This is required reading for every Australian who seriously cares about the fair go enduring.’ —Peter FitzSimons
‘Be warned: this book will open your eyes and prick your conscience.’ —Ross Gittins
‘A thought-provoking book which emphasises how far we have strayed from confidently discussing public policies that seek to give meaning to our egalitarian spirit.’ —Laura Tingle
‘A cogent and accessible read’ —Sun-Herald
‘An informed study of a serious topic, written with a conversational ease that makes it quite accessible.’ —the Age
‘This short book is the first in what promises to be a great new series from Black Inc. called “Redbacks”. Leigh makes no bones about the fact that he is writing from a particular political standpoint, but his arguments are lucid, detailed and well-balanced. This book will appear to readers of quality political commentary such as the Quarterly Essay and it is especially pertinent in an election year.’ —Books+Publishing
Andrew Leigh is the federal member for Fraser and the Shadow Assistant Treasurer. Before being elected in 2010, he was a professor of economics at the Australian National University. His books include Disconnected (2010), Battlers and Billionaires (2013) and The Economics of Just About Everything (2014).
- Sales Rank: #804319 in eBooks
- Published on: 2013-06-26
- Released on: 2013-06-26
- Format: Kindle eBook
Most helpful customer reviews
7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
An Instinct for Equality
By Dean Marden
I know this book is at its core a discussion on inequality, but its lasting impact on my mindset has been a little divorced from that. I've always disliked questions like, 'Aren't you proud to be Australian?', with the usual drawl applied to the middle syllable of the demonym. To me, that's like asking if I'm proud to be blue-eyed, proud to be adopted, or proud to be bisexual: I didn't have a choice in any of these, so can't really feel proud or otherwise about them.
After reading this book, I actually felt proud to be Australian, probably for the first time. I have a greater appreciation of the effects the longer-term and ingrained instincts of 'Australianism' (if there's such a thing) have had on my instincts in dealing with the world and other people.
I'm a writer myself, but in my only published work, an instinctive cultural cringe had me de-regionalising the piece during its final edit. All references to Australia became 'the nation', with Canberra simply becoming 'the capital'. That instinct speaks to something about Australians that you only recognise about us after returning from overseas trips: it's right there in the airport. Even though people may be flustered or stressed or have things to do, it becomes obvious - after contrasting their actions with those of people overseas - that there's something instinctive in them that knows their frustrations are only temporary - they know that 'she'll be right' in fairly short order. There's an instinctive distrust of anyone who takes anything too seriously, and this includes politicians banging on about issues that people can't recognise the practical impacts of; if they're talking about it so much without communicating practicalities, then they're taking either the issue or themselves too seriously and aren't worth listening to - not when there's actual stuff to be gotten on with by the average punter.
From reading this book, I now have a greater appreciation as to how all those instincts in both myself and the people around me have come about, and how it's shaped me as a human being. We're all in this together, which goes back to convict and colonial times when we knew we had to work together if we were ever to make anything of this giant lump of sand in an oft-forgotten corner of the world.
Maybe there are quite a few things about our national character and collective instincts that do deserve to be taken a little more seriously and given the applause they deserve.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
good material but different learnings
By P J Edwards
I found the book to be interesting and thought provoking.
I was particularly interested in the comparison between the lives of Richard Casey and Jock Neilson in Chapter 1.
Both men started with nothing and began as farm workers in the 1870s but Richard became thousands of times wealthier than Jock.
This example certainly demonstrates the author's contention that vast inequalities of outcome were possible in Australia at the time, but it was also a land of opportunity with greater social mobility was possible than in Victorian England.
Australian Society could be shown to have been unfair if Richard had received some favors or assistance in his career while Jock was burdened with disadvantages.
The Author implies that this may be the case, observing that Richard quickly progressed from a jackeroo to a station manager and that later he made a handsome profit from selling a gold mine that turned out to contain little gold. He gives that impression that Richard was given an easy ride and was not above making money from sharp business practices.
In fact, Richard worked for six years on the parched Riverina Plains before becoming the manager of Kilfera, a 830 000 acre sheep station in 1875.
He then learnt enough about management to become a managing partner in a stock and station agency in 1883.
He was 47 years old in 1893 when his business was bankrupted by the drought and the falling price of wool.
Undaunted, he joined a syndicate to invest in the Londonderry Mine in Coolgardie which had produced 8000 oz of gold but turned out to be past its prime when he bought it.
However his business experience led him to be appointed as a director of the Mount Morgan Gold Mining Co and other major Australian companies including the wool-brokers, Goldborough Mort and Co and he retired wealthy.
That Richard made a success of two difference careers after starting from nothing is very interesting.
Jock on the other hand, would always struggle while he was competing for low-skilled work with the vast nomadic tribe of itinerant workers in the country at the time.
Although he worked for 200 employers over thirty years, he was never given a permanent job and he never saw a business opportunity that he could develop further.
Perhaps Jock with his father and brothers could have bought a horse and dray and set up as fencing contractors, as they all had fencing skills. There was a huge demand for fencing in the 1880s, as the shepherding of sheep on the open range was being supplanted by enclosed sheep farms.
However the author does not delve into the reasons that may have caused Jock to remain a battler.
While the author considers land ownership to be an important source of inequality, both Jock and Richard had no land to begin with.
Jock eventually bought a small farm while Richard became the managing director of a Pastoral Company controlling 1.3 million acres.
Both men still went broke on the land. Their farming experiences serve as a counter-example to the claims of the Agrarian Socialists.
The author considers egalitarianism to be an important feature of Australian Society.
I imagine that, having started as a jackeroo and eventually gone broke on the land, Richard would be quite at home with country people.
He was known for his kindness and became the chairman of the Walter and Eliza Hall Trust, a charitable foundation which is still running today,
The author rightly identifies education as source of inequality.
Jock had enough education to be able to write poetry but perhaps not enough get a permanent job or to manage a small business.
Even today, some qualifications are more valuable in the workplace than others.
When I was at high school ( some time ago ) my teachers seemed to regard matters of money and commerce with disdain, but I think that studying a biography of Richard Casey would have been quite inspiring.
Even learning enough from Richard Casey to climb just one more rung up the ladder would be quite worthwhile.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Engaging!
By Graeme Hush
A timely and accessible discussion informer, Andrew's use of story telling as a way to offer clarity to complex economic puzzles is just short of genius. This is both a really good and a really important read.
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